A review describes the preparation of various starch derivatives [ester, ether or urethane (carbamate) ones], graft copolymers, oxidized or cationic starch by reactive extrusion. Authors focused on the basic process parameters (temperature profile, rotational speed, L/D ratio). The advantages and limitations of reactive extrusion method in comparison with conventional processes of starch modification were presented. The properties of products obtained were characterized.
Wilpiszewska, K., & Spychaj, T. (2022). Chemical modification of starch by reactive extrusion. Polimery, 53(4), 268–275. Retrieved from https://polimery.ichp.vot.pl/index.php/p/article/view/1308